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Water Needs of Plants Used in Landscape Projects
In landscape works, the ones that change the most over time are undoubtedly the plants. Change in plants is multifaceted such as growth, leafing, budding, flowering, changing color and shape. It is extremely important that some characteristics that plants should acquire over time are seen in the plant when the time comes. This is possible with the normal development of plants and meeting their needs in a timely and appropriate manner. At the head of these needs, as in every living thing, comes “water”. The main goal in landscape areas has been the preservation of green texture and aesthetics. Therefore, one of the most important factors for the protection of landscape areas is to meet the water needed by the plants. In our country, the water needs of plants cannot be met through natural ways, namely precipitation. For this, the water needed by the plants is met by using smart irrigation systems.
Classification of plants according to the crown size they will reach throughout their lifespans
The importance of design plants in landscape projects varies according to their species, size and age, and most importantly, their classification. According to the classification made by considering the crown size plants will reach during their lifespans; design plants can be grouped as follows.
- Groundcover plants: These are plants that grow 0-30 cm tall and show development very close to the soil surface. Their most important characteristics are that those other than grass plants show 7 requirements for minimum maintenance conditions. They have functions such as preventing soil slippage, erosion, and water loss.
- Shrubs: Shrubs are long-lived woody plants that can reach a height from 30 cm to 2.5 m or even 5 m. The most important feature that distinguishes shrubs from trees and small trees is that their height is very short, and their trunks are numerous and emerge together from the soil level. Shrubs generally become mature in 4–5 years and can maintain their vitality for years with very little maintenance.
- Small trees: Their biggest difference from large shrubs is that they have a single trunk. They grow 3 – 3.5 m or 7-8 m tall. They are effective in terms of their flowers and leaves.
- Large trees: It is the material group with the largest scale. They can grow 15 m or more and are long-lived. They are structural elements that reveal the essential characteristics of a space.
Design Plants:
- Broad-leaved trees, small trees and shrubs
- Coniferous trees and small trees (Conifers)
- Groundcover, annual and perennial plants
- Climbing and creeping plants
- Seasonal flowers, are classified as such
According to the classification made above, irrigation systems can be designed in different ways according to the different needs of plants in landscape areas. Because the water requirement of each plant is different from one another.
Water Consumption of Plants
Lawns
weekly water consumption: 38 – 50 mm.
Groundcovers
weekly water consumption: 12 – 25 mm.
Shrubs
weekly water consumption: 25.4 mm.
Trees
weekly water consumption: 25 – 38 mm.
Roses
weekly water consumption: 50.8 mm
Perennials and Annuals
weekly water consumption:38.1 – 50 mm.
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